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51.
52.
利用两相复合材料位移基本解,将受复合载荷作用下复合材料三维裂纹问题,归为求解一组超奇异积分方程,并分析了对裂纹尖端应力奇性和方程组求解理论方法;进而以反映裂纹前沿应力奇性的密度函数基本解表示位移间断,根据Taylor积分及其特征展开特性,给出方程组数值求解方法;最后,以三维矩形裂纹为例,讨论了应力强度因子(SIFs)收敛性及其变化规律。 相似文献
53.
James A. Weller 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1991,5(1):1-17
An irrigation water management research programme was implemented by Hydraulics Research in collaboration with the National Irrigation Administration of the Philippines on the Porac Area of Porac Gumain Rivers Irrigation System. The objectives of the study are to monitor the response of the main canal network to changes in water availability and assess its capability to deliver crop water requirements to sub-areas jointly managed by National Irrigation Administration staff and existing Irrigator Associations. This paper presents an analysis of the response of the main system to the varying irrigation demands, and assesses the conjunctive use of groundwater with surface water and the potential of computer models to assist management with the preparation of the annual irrigation schedules. 相似文献
54.
The division of irrigation water in The Fayoum, Egypt, has been measured. Factors influencing this division are discussed: the hydraulic conditions at structures and canals, the operation regime of gates, lack of reliable gauge data for system operation, shortage of labour, and the water level in Lake Qarun. A deviation from uniform supply has been found for the entire Fayoum, but also along a lateral and sub-lateral. The reasons for this are discussed and suggestions for possible technical improvements of The Fayoum system are given.Abbreviations FWSBM
Fayoum Water and Salt Balance Model Project
- MSL
Mean Sea Level at Alexandria
- FID
Fayoum Irrigation Department
- mcm
million cubic metres 相似文献
55.
利用复合材料模型模拟加筋地基,按照土塑性力学分析加筋地基的变形和破坏,并按传统滑移线解法推导出浅基础加筋地基的承载力设计公式,利用实例比较探讨了本文方法与传统极限分析法的优缺点。 相似文献
56.
57.
Francisco L. Santos 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1996,10(3):281-294
The tomato industry reformed its system of payment by weight of tomato, introducing a corrective system based on percent level of fruit dry matter produced. Such a decision implies significant changes in the management of irrigation systems, with a need to emphasize the technological quality of the marketable product. Three levels of distribution uniformity of the irrigation system are analysed, and related production functions of crop yield and percent of dry matter are presented as well as their use on the optimisation of dry matter, expected revenues and seasonal applied water. Results are critically influenced by the distribution uniformity. They demonstrate the inter-relationship between crop production, percent fruit dry matter and irrigation management, and the importance of considering non-uniformity in the economic analysis of industrial tomato production. Decreases in uniformity lead to a reduction in dry matter production per unit land. Decreases in dry matter are also observed with increasing levels of seasonally applied water, with the optimal level always lower than the required for maximum yield. Such interaction suggests a continuous and inverse relationship between profit and water applied. However, due to the corrective system of payment, by levels of percent of dry matter produced, for some uniformity, the expected revenue follows the yield-water production function instead of the dry matter function. This fact introduces disturbances in the optimal water applied inducing higher than expected levels of water applied for profit maximisation. The simulated data also show that incentives to switch to new systems or management practices able to raise the distribution uniformity result more from profit losses than increases in water price. 相似文献
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59.
W. G. M. Bastiaanssen T. Van der Wal T. N. M. Visser 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1996,10(1):1-23
The success of water management in large irrigation schemes with composites of soil, crop, wetness and micro-meteorological conditions is difficult to quantify. Performance assessment indicators, being among others a function of evaporation, are useful tools to evaluate the actual functioning of an irrigation system. The inevitable spatial variability of evaporation in large irrigation schemes makes its determination with conventional point measurements almost impossible. A new remote sensing evaporation parameterization algorithm has been tested with high resolution Landsat Thematic Mapper data for the Eastern Nile Delta, Egypt. Although the implementation of such an algorithm requires assumptions to be made, the current case study shows that these assumptions do not hamper the estimation of actual and potential evaporation at regional scale. The actual evaporation has been used to express the uniformity of crop water use which is related to the equity of irrigation water distribution. The coefficient of variance in actual evaporation between 53 differenent irrigation districts is 10% on average. The relative evaporation was considered to determine whether the crop was adequately irrigated. The relative evaporation was more than 75% for 48 out of 53 irrigation districts. It is concluded, that improved information on actual crop growth conditions through remote sensing provides an essential insight into the planning of real-time and seasonal irrigation water deliveries. 相似文献
60.
本文将可靠性理论引入微灌系统灌水质量的评价中。因为微灌灌水均匀度或出流均匀度作为评价灌水质量的指标,它受许多具有不确定性因素的影响,文中分析了这些不确定因素在一定的概率分布条件下微灌单元灌水均匀度的保证率或可靠度。在文献的基础上分析了在一定坡度下,微灌系统均匀度的保证率计算。 相似文献